![]() However, once the appropriate calculations and working procedures have been implemented, thermal imaging is a reliable and rapid tool for measuring environmental and biological temperature variability. ![]() Ground-truthing and calibration procedures still remain the largest drawback for the use of IRT in ecological studies. On rocky intertidal shores, IRT has largely been used to assess thermoregulatory processes in gastropods, mussels and sea stars and the effect of heat stress on barnacle recruitment. IRT has been successfully used to count and track the movements of a range of marine mammals as well as to quantify previously unobserved nocturnal feeding patterns. The aim of this paper was to summarise the rapidly growing application of IRT in marine ecology, to discuss best practises for using IRT in the marine environment whilst outlining some common limitations, and to suggest future research directions. In recent years, however, IRT has been used to investigate the thermal ecology of intertidal organisms, which are intermittently exposed. ![]() Due to the inability of infrared cameras to work underwater, ecological studies that use IRT have largely been undertaken on terrestrial systems, while fundamentally limited to surfacing mammals in aquatic ecosystems. ABSTRACT: Infrared thermography (IRT) is being increasingly utilised by animal physiologists and ecologists to investigate the role of thermal stress and small-scale thermal variability on the distribution and abundance of species.
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